Relative Clause

A clause‘ (klausa) adalah bagian dari sebuah kalimat.

‘Relative clause‘ (ada juga yang menyebutnya ‘adjective clause‘) digunakan untuk memperjelas orang/benda yang mana yang dimaksud si pembicara. Menurut penggunaannya, ‘relative clause‘ memiliki beberapa bentuk:

• Relative pronoun : kata ganti yang memulai sebuah klausa. Disebut relative pronoun karena kata ganti ini menghubungkan kata yang diterangkan dengan klausa yang menerangkan.

• Relative pronoun dapat mengacu benda tunggal (singular noun) atau pun benda jamak (plural noun).

• Macam:

  who : untuk subject berujud orang

  whom : untuk object berujud orang

  which : untuk subject atau object berujud benda

  that : untuk subject atau object berujud orang atau benda dalam defining relative clause.

  whose : untuk menyatakan kepemilikan

• Relative clause : klausa yang dimulai dengan relative pronoun.

• Defining relative clause : relative clause yang menggambarkan atau menjelaskan (to define) kata/ frase/ klausa sebelumnya yang diterangkan dan diperlukan dalam kalimat, bukan sekedar informasi tambahan.

  Contoh:

  The person who helped me yesterday is my old friend. (Orang yang membantu saya kemarin adalah teman lama saya)

  Penjelasan:

  Main clause (kalimat utama): The person is my old friend. (Orang tersebut adalah teman lama saya

  Defining clause : who helped me yesterday (yang membantu saya kemarin)

  Relative pronoun (Defining relative pronoun) : who

  Subject kalimat utama the person memerlukan klausa penjelas. Bila tidak ada penjelasan, akan menjadi tidak jelas siapa atau yang mana the person yang adalah teman sekerjaku itu, karena ada banyak person di dunia ini. Oleh karena itu, who helped me yesterday merupakan penjelasan tentang siapa/ yang mana yang dimaksud the person itu. Karena klausa tersebut berfungsi menggambarkan atau menjelaskan (to define) kata sebelumnya (the person), maka disebut defining clause.

  Sebelum defining clause ada pronoun (who) yang berfungsi menggantikan subject dari defining clause dan menghubungkan (to relate) antara main clause (kalimat utama) dengan the defining clause. Pronoun itu disebut defining relative pronoun. Dalam bahasa Indonesia biasa diterjemahkan dengan kata 'yang'.

  Relative pronoun berfungsi/ berkedudukan sebagai subject atau object atau pemilik benda dalam subject atau object. Perhatikan proses pembentukan relative pronoun berikut:

  The person is my colleage. (Orang tersebut adalah teman sekerjaku)

  The person helped me yesterday. (Orang tersebut membantu saya kemarin)

  Subject dari kedua kalimat tersebut adalah sama, yaitu the person. Subject kalimat kedua yang akan menjadi penjelas dari the person dalam kalimat pertama digantikan dengan 'who', sehingga menjadi :

  The person who helped me yesterday is my old friend.

  Karena who menempati subject dari relative clause, setelah 'who' berarti pasti tidak ada subject lagi. Relative pronoun who langsung diikuti frase kerja (predikat): helped

A. Clauses with who/that/which (sebagai subyek)

• The man who lives next to my house is sick.
• I need a dictionary which contains technical terms.

B. Clauses with whom/that/which (sebagai obyek)

• The doctor whom I wanted to see is not at home.
• Do you see the book that I bought yesterday?

C. Clauses with whose (milik)

• Do you know the girl whose father passed away yesterday?
• That is the man whose dog bit you last night.

D. Clauses with where (tempat)

• The school where we studied ten years ago is building a very modern gymnasium.
• That is the shop where I met Julia for the first time.

Synopsis Of The Book

Title: The Dreamer
Authors: Andrea Hirata
Publisher: Publishing Landscape
Publisher Year: 2007
Edition: September 2007
Number of pages: 292 pages
Cover: Blue, white, gray
Size: 20.5 cm

SANG PEMIMPI

A tense day enveloped arai, Jimbron, invalid by lightning interrupted the sound clearly audible pantopel only hindered the approaching distance and the sound board pantopel again approached.

What's worse he vomited invalid.

Ari wander from the gap between the fish store.

They crept manjauhi the sound of shoes at 20 meters arai look backward look at the rickety dipabrik piled grass jelly, and leaves scattered love, then jumped over the slip-Alung and mingle among the buyers among the buyers know.

I glanced at the cruel, I think I want to rip his own eyes he said Arai.

Arai has always megeluarkan symptoms that could indicate if he was scared he was shivering, his teeth chattering and his breath sniffed one on one.

In addition Mustard pack bears all the lurid epithets associated with the old procedure in enforcing strict discipline. In addition to Darwinian biology teacher he was genuine because he was not intolerant.

More than BA's traditional arts college that is feared, with the habits licked his finger and index finger rubbing it into an appendage called a perch in the chest. Arai breath caught when reversing his mustard pack.

Mr. Mustard is a very important fact with mustard pack of hard work to establish high school Mustarlah dibelitong then pack that has saved almost hit Belitong slump.

Before Mr. Mustard founded the school's Arai, Ical must travel a distance of 120 miles away for school, high school and it's true it's not a regular high school, high school high school terfaforit it is there, Mr. Mustard is a good person, polite, courteous and mixing with the public. But another thing to present a human incarnation of Mr. Mustard robot man hard to say that the iron-handed after her son know that it is not accepted in high school that he built it, but with hard work Mr. Mustard meembangun school.

Mr. Mustard can no longer boast of the school and can not be more proud of his son, all are happy with their child shall be accepted unless the child Mustard pack. He was not accepted because NEM national exam is less than 0.25 of the minimum for an acceptable value of NEM was 42, while kids just pack mustard 41.75.

After forty years finally motherland Belitong east of the country that is rich in tin that has SMA, and that the Malay people, tionghoa, Sawang and hooded island to inhale opium science in high school.

Drs. Julian Ichsan Balia is a place where the principal arai, ical school.

Some are donated chalk, blackboards, wall clocks, fence, there was even one of his 28 children NEM tap he did not know the capital of South Sumatra province alone get a seat at the high school.

Arai is a man in a fight with his usual valet bike just because of two hundred silver.

Arai is an orphan since age 7 or Arai time when the first grade, Arai mother died in childbirth a second child, but not the happiness of the child and his mother actually died, apparently of grief did not want to move and live Arai Arai stepped on third grade have again issued a tears of having left his father who he loved very much.

How not since his mother died giving birth and immediately arai just live with his father, now arai must feel lost two people he loved and his mother and father.

On the way home curls, curls do not talk much because of melancholy to the arai, arai curls when she reached home crying and her tears washed the dirty clothes by hand and ikal kumel father sneaking looks at the arai and curls, sebari sitting on copra. Soon arai remove an object that has never been seen before curling, and even strangers really. It was like a helicopter and it was very simple because it is the object the village children play. Every after maghrib arai curls are always invited to read the holy book al-Quran under the kerosene lamp is less bright. If ikal are arai Koran instead of the stairs down to run through the garden toward the ground end of the village thatched houses ikal in place.